A zero clearance fireplace, depending on the type, can be fueled with wood, gas or even electricity. A zero clearance fireplace is actually a manufactured fireplace that you can frame right up to.
You want to think of it as a stove inside a box with the purpose of the box being to contain and/or convect the heat into the room while maintaining a cool enough exterior skin temperature that wood framing can placed nearly against it.
Zero clearance fireplaces are factory built units typically made from sheet metal or cast iron.
They are also known as pre-fabricated fireplaces because they come ready to install complete with instructions on how to assemble the unit and a description of the framework requirements.
A zero clearance fireplace can be installed without a hearth. They can be surrounded by a simple wooden frame and vented via pipes in the back. They must be cleaned yearly if used.
Zero clearance fireplaces come in a huge variety of designs and can be made to look like conventional masonry fireplaces by simply enclosing the metal unit in masonry framework.
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